Technology is seen as a potential tool to improve the management of diabetes although few studies have examined sensor use within psychiatric populations. This study investigated the integration of glucose sensors for patients' diabetes and severe mental illness.

The study applied a mixed methods convergent design with focus on glucose monitoring implementation. Quantitative data collected (n = 15) summarized patient characteristics and sensor use over time. Changes in HbA_1c levels were also monitored. Qualitative data was collected using semi-structured interviews and focus groups capturing the experiences of patients (n = 10) and clinicians (n = 7) respectively.

Users utilized data from sensors to facilitate diabetes management although sensor use decreased over time. Analysis from patient interviews constructed three themes: 'Sensor use - improved awareness of blood glucose', 'Sensor use - promoting sharing of glucose readings', and 'Sensor use - increased visibility and public awareness of diabetes'. Focus groups with clinicians described two themes: 'Perceived treatment benefits gained from glucose sensors', and 'Treatment challenges posed by glucose sensors'.

Results indicated that sensors were accepted and meaningfully integrated into clinical practice within this population. Patients and clinicians were largely positive about the integration and usefulness of sensors in diabetes management although some challenges were described.

Tobacco and cannabis co-use is common but the two are rarely co-assessed or co-treated. We present a mixed methods study of UK young adults which aims to explore co-use and quitting behaviors.

This sequential explanatory mixed methods study used the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation - Behavior model to design a survey and interview schedule comprising elements of the Theoretical Domains Framework. The survey investigated tobacco and cannabis co-use, attitudes toward and experiences of quitting behaviors within Further Education students aged 16-30 with recent use of tobacco and cannabis. Chi-square and t-tests explored differences between substances in quitting behaviors. Survey respondents were invited to an interview to further explore beliefs and experiences of co-use and quitting.

141 participants responded to the survey, and 18 participated in an interview. 40% used tobacco daily and 21% used cannabis daily or almost daily. Most (86.5%) had made some effort to quit or reduce their use of tobacco and/or cannabis in the past six months but few used any formal support to do so. Quitting one was significantly associated with quitting the other (p = 0.01). Motivation to quit tobacco was significantly higher than cannabis (t₈₃=7.38, p = 0.01). Gaps in capability and opportunity to quit were identified. Co-use intervention opportunities are suggested.

Few young adults used formal support when quitting tobacco or cannabis, and motivation to quit varied between tobacco and cannabis although quitting one substance was associated with quitting the other. Opportunities to quit or reduce harmful use of either or both are required.

Existing studies suggest that resilience may play as a significant mediator in the continuity of depressive and anxious symptoms in youth, however, longitudinal evidence is lacking. Besides, whether childhood maltreatment (CM) and parenting styles significantly moderate this mediation of resilience has not been discussed before.

This population-based longitudinal study included 5218 participants from the Mental Health Survey for Children and Adolescents in Yunnan (MHSCAY), with a baseline survey (T₁) and 2 rounds of follow-up (T₂ and T₃). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the continuity in depressive and anxious symptoms. Path analysis was adopted to estimate the mediation of resilience in the continuity of depressive and anxious symptoms. Stratified analysis was performed to test the moderation by CM and parenting styles in the mediation of resilience.

Depressive and anxious symptoms at T₁ significantly predicted depressive and anxious symptoms at T₃ (adjusted OR for depressive symptoms: 3.35, 95 % CI: 2.85-3.93; adjusted OR for anxious symptoms: 3.31, 95 % CI: 2.76-3.99). Resilience mediated 18.96 % of the continuity in depressive symptoms and 19.51 % of the continuity in anxious symptoms, and the mediation was stronger for internal resilience factors. CM and parenting styles significantly moderated the mediation of resilience, with a stronger mediation found in individuals who had experienced CM, parental overprotection or parental rejection.

Resilience-based interventions could be useful in breaking the continuity of depressive and anxious symptoms in children and adolescents. Particularly for those who were exposed to CM or negative parenting styles.

Variations in circadian rhythm-related genes influence the individual chronotype. Here, we hypothesize that the peak of clock gene expression at 7 a.m. differs between young adults with a late chronotype and young adults with an early chronotype. Participants of the Chronotype and Nutrition nutritional trial (ChroNu study) were selected for their chronotype assessed by the Munich Chronotype questionnaire (MCTQ) and actigraphy. Total RNA was isolated from CD14⁺ monocytes of participants at 7 a.m. on the run-in day. Expression levels of seven clock genes (PER1, PER2, PER3, NR1D1, NR1D2, CRY1 and CRISPLD2) of individuals with early (n = 11) or late chronotypes (n = 19) were analysed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Difference in expression levels was tested by Mann Whitney-U test. The relative expression levels of the selected genes were not significantly different between individuals with early and late chronotypes (all p > 0.07). Contrary to expectation, clock gene expression levels at 7 a.m. was similar in individuals with early and late chronotypes. Further studies on larger sample sizes with multiple sampling time points should elucidate whether gene expression is altered at other day times underscoring the biological difference between individuals with early or late chronotypes.

Liver X Receptors (LXRα and LXRβ) are nuclear receptors that regulate various metabolic processes via transcriptional regulation, including lipid and cholesterol homeostasis. Recent evidence highlights the involvement of LXR activation in myelin synthesis and maintenance. Given the essential role of myelin in neuronal communication, its loss in disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease underlines the urgent need for effective remyelinating therapies. Restoring the functions of oligodendrocytes to stimulate remyelination offers an interesting approach to protect neurons and slow down neurodegeneration. LXRs have been suggested as potential therapeutic targets in demyelinating disorders as they can promote cholesterol turnover and reduce inflammation, creating a favorable environment for remyelination. Furthermore, activation of LXR directly enhances remyelination by inducing myelin genes. Since various literature and research describe the potential neuroprotective and (re)myelinating benefits of LXR, this review discusses the role of the LXR pathway in (re)myelinating strategies. It highlights the pharmacological compounds for LXR activation, as well as naturally occurring LXR agonists with potential therapeutic value for promoting remyelination.

Numerous studies demonstrate that urban green spaces enhance residents' health. However, limited clarity in green space classification and the complex interplay between green space attributes and other variables have constrained our comprehension of the nuanced relationships between specific green space attributes and health benefits. This study employs a case study in Beijing's central area, utilizing machine learning techniques (random forest modeling) combined with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis to scrutinize the heterogeneous health impacts of various green space types. We examined 36 neighborhoods using multi-source data, including green space metrics, socioeconomic indicators, and health survey outcomes from 1116 residents. The results indicate that different types of green spaces contribute variably to health benefits. Park green spaces (PG) exhibited the most significant positive effect on residents' Physical type Summary (PCS) and Mental type Summary (MCS), surpassing the remaining green space types. Notably, residential green space with sampled communities (RG-I) exhibited a positive effect on residents' PCS, whereas residential green space with non-sampled communities (RG-O) was negatively associated with both the PCS and MCS. Street green space (SG) also showed a positive effect on PCS. Specifically, among all the green space metrics, Area_PG was the most critical determinant of PCS, followed by Proximity_PG and NDVI_PG. For MCS, Area_PG and Proximity_PG exhibited the most importance. Moreover, we delved into the interactions among predictors for health. In high-density neighborhoods, increasing the area of park green spaces significantly enhanced physical health benefits. While in neighborhoods with large area of park green spaces, positive social relationships more effectively boosted mental health benefits. These findings highlighted the distinct effects of various green space attributes in affecting health, especially the characteristics of land functions and utilization. Our study identifies the specific green space metrics in the neighbourhood that significantly impact residents' health, offering insights for more precise and effective urban green space regulation strategies aimed at improving human health.