The phenomenology of psychedelic experiences has been a long-standing point of interest to researchers. However, internal experience has been relatively relegated, with much work done on the clinical outcomes of psychedelic therapies. Our reflexive thematic analysis revealed that structurally, people on fora write about their experiences sequentially, considering factors prior to (preparatory), during (acute phase), and after their account of ingesting psychedelics. Themes constructed prior to experience were (1) subjective knowledge and perception of psychedelics, (2) intention and efforts to mentally prepare, and (3) experiential aids. Generated themes during the experience were (1) sensory and cognitive distortions, (2) mindset and affective quality, and (3) environmental stability and support. Experiential impact on behavior and outlook was constructed as the unitary theme following the experience. Future work should look more closely at the role of set and setting within the context of the stages leading up to, during, and after psychedelic administration.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical treatment for medication-resistant motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), involving the implantation of electrodes in subcortical targets, primarily the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and internal globus pallidus (GPi). While DBS is effective for motor control, psychiatric factors significantly impact postoperative quality of life. This narrative review aimed to summarise early (<2 weeks) psychiatric adverse events (AEs) following DBS in PD, addressing the prevalence of these events, their effects on pre-existing psychiatric symptoms and the influence of targeting and DBS parameters on these symptoms. A comprehensive search was performed across multiple databases, identifying 148 relevant studies, among which 55 focused on early psychiatric outcomes. Methodological diversity was noted, with 97% of studies concentrating on bilateral STN DBS. Our findings indicate that early postoperative psychiatric AEs are common, primarily occurring within days postsurgery and often transient. These AEs show improvement with parametric adjustments or the introduction of psychiatric medications. Notably, the role of the STN and GPi extends beyond motor control to emotional regulation, emphasising the importance of monitoring psychiatric outcomes in DBS patients. This review highlights the need for increased awareness and management strategies for early psychiatric complications in the context of DBS therapy, ultimately contributing to enhanced patient care and outcomes in advanced PD stages. Future studies should focus on standardising the evaluation of psychiatric AEs and exploring preventive strategies to minimise their occurrence post-DBS. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020184000.

This study investigated the neuromodulatory effects of Theta Burst Stimulation (TBS) on resting-state functional connectivity (FC) following psychosocial stress induced by the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Given its key role in cognitive control and emotion regulation - processes highly relevant for rumination - we focused on the frontoparietal network. Across two studies, intermittent (iTBS) and continuous (cTBS) protocols were applied to the left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC; study 1) and right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex (VLPFC; study 2) prior to stress induction. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to assess neural changes. A total of 88 (study 1) and 89 (study 2) healthy participants were recruited, balanced for low and high trait rumination. Each participant received both active and sham TBS (iTBS or cTBS), in a randomized, counterbalanced design. Results indicated that iTBS elicited excitatory effects on prefrontal and fronto-parietal connectivity, whereas cTBS effects were more variable. Trait rumination emerged as a modulator of TBS effects: In study 1, significant interactions for FC between the right VLPFC and Somatosensory Association Cortex (SAC) when stimulating the left DLPFC emerged, while study 2 revealed similar interactions for FC between the left DLPFC and SAC and intra-SAC FC when stimulating the right VLPFC. Correlations between post-stress state rumination and FC changes further support these findings. These results underscore the importance of neural assessments in TBS research and highlight the complexity of individual differences in state and trait rumination. Understanding the interplay between TBS, fronto-parietal connectivity, and rumination may provide valuable insights into personalized neuromodulation strategies.

University students often face significant academic and emotional pressures, making distress tolerance a vital skill for maintaining mental wellbeing. Drawing practice, as a creative outlet, has been shown to promote emotional regulation and psychological health. This study examines how drawing practice influences distress tolerance, focusing on the mediating roles of psychological resilience and self-disclosure.

This study recruited 354 university students from Hunan Province, China, using a combination of convenience sampling and snowball sampling methods to ensure a diverse and representative participant pool. These approaches facilitated efficient data collection while capturing varied student experiences. To test the proposed hypotheses, a structural equation model (SEM) was developed and analyzed using AMOS, allowing for a robust evaluation of the relationships among the variables.

This study examined the relationship between drawing practice and distress tolerance, focusing on the mediating roles of psychological resilience and self-disclosure. The results indicated that drawing practice is associated with higher psychological resilience and greater self-disclosure, both of which are linked to improved distress tolerance. These findings underscore the indirect pathways connecting drawing practice to distress tolerance.

This study highlights how drawing practice contributes to university students' ability to manage academic and emotional pressures by fostering psychological resilience and encouraging self-disclosure, both of which are linked to better distress tolerance. These findings demonstrate the potential of creative activities like drawing to support university students' mental wellbeing, providing valuable insights for promoting emotional health in high-stress academic environments.

The World Health Organization has set a target for 75% of member states to have national dementia plans by 2025. These plans should align with human rights standards, such as the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The aim of this study was to complete a review of global national dementia plans and their human rights content according to the convention's principles. A categorization matrix of preidentified human rights themes was produced prior to data collection and extensive inclusion criteria were adopted to ensure thorough assessment using deductive content analysis. Each dementia plan was reviewed by at least two independent assessors. Forty plans were included in the final analysis. We found that basic human rights were covered by the plans, with community inclusion acknowledged in 39 plans (97.5%). However, there was less coverage of non-coercive practices and the participation of people with dementia in the design and delivery of services or policies, with only 24 plans (60%) mentioning these aspects. This is the first global review of human rights content within national dementia plans. More must be done to ensure that all such plans align with human rights standards so that the human rights of persons with dementia are respected, protected, and promoted.

Underage alcohol consumption remains a critical global public health concern, contributing to a wide spectrum of short- and long-term health risks. Despite age-based legal restrictions, alcohol persists as the most commonly used psychoactive substance among minors, outpacing tobacco, cannabis, and other drugs. Early initiation of alcohol use is strongly associated with heightened risks of addiction, impaired brain development, mental health disorders, and engagement in high-risk behaviors such as unintentional injuries, violence, and academic underperformance. Most research has focused on adolescents, while data on younger children remain scarce. Moreover, methodological inconsistencies in defining and measuring alcohol use across countries complicate international comparisons and the evaluation of policy interventions.

This narrative review synthesizes contemporary literature on the epidemiology, determinants, and consequences of underage alcohol use. It examines genetic predispositions, family dynamics, peer influence, socioeconomic context, mental health, and exposure to alcohol-related media and advertising. It also evaluates the effectiveness of intervention strategies, including parental engagement, school-based education, extracurricular activities, community-level regulation, and professional health services.

Evidence highlights significant variability in the prevalence of underage drinking across regions, influenced by cultural, legal, and socioeconomic factors. Parental modeling, permissive attitudes, and weakened family structures are major contributors, while peer pressure and media exposure further normalize early alcohol use. Although various prevention strategies have demonstrated short-term benefits (particularly those involving active parental involvement and skill-based school programs), long-term effectiveness is limited due to inconsistent implementation, lack of standardization, and inadequate policy enforcement. Community-level interventions, such as increasing the legal drinking age and conducting compliance checks, have shown measurable success, but are underutilized in many regions.

Addressing underage drinking requires a coordinated, multifactorial strategy. Broader investment in early prevention, standardized assessment tools, and targeted research on younger populations is essential. Strengthening policy enforcement and cross-sector collaboration will be critical to mitigate this growing public health challenge.

Psychological health problem has become an important health problem of graduate students worldwide. Mentalization and mental flexibility are important factors related to mental health, but their relationship has not been discussed before in graduate students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mental health status of postgraduates and to determine whether mentalization and psychological flexibility are significant factors affecting the mental health status of postgraduates.

samples of the communist party of China, there are 2728 graduate students. GAD-7, PHQ-9 were used to assess mental health. Mind through mental questionnaire (MZQ) measure, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire 2nd Edition (AAQ-II) and Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-F) to evaluate mental flexibility. Multiple factors analysis and linear regression analysis is used to determine the Mentalization, the mental flexibility and the relationship between the participants' mental health.

There were significant differences in the scores of anxiety and depression in gender, residence, left-behind experience, and parents' marital status. The scores of the four dimensions of mentalization were positively correlated with the scores of anxiety. In mentalization, MZQ-refusing self-reflection, MZQ-emotional awareness, MZQ-emotional regulation score and depression score were positively correlated. Psychological flexibility played a partial mediating role in the four dimensions of mentalization and anxiety scores. The mediating effect of cognitive fusion was not clear in the four dimensions of mentalization and depression scores. Acceptance and action played a partial mediating role in refusing self-reflection, emotional awareness, and regulation of affect, as well as a full mediating role in psychic equivalence mode and depression scores.

Mentalization and psychological flexibility are significantly correlated with anxiety and depression in graduate students. The four dimensions of mentalization and psychological flexibility exhibit varying degrees and linear relationships with graduate students' anxiety and depression. In the relationship between mentalization and anxiety-depressive emotions, the mediating effects of acceptance and behavior, as well as cognitive fusion, are different. This suggests that investigating mentalization and psychological flexibility in relation to anxiety and depression is meaningful. Mentalization and psychological flexibility may potentially serve as important indicators of graduate students' mental health in the future.

Modern life's fast-paced and the unexpected conditions contribute to escalating stress levels, often leading to anxiety disorders and posing significant challenges to physical and mental health. In judicial practice, the parties often suffer from anxiety disorder under the great stress. However, the precise mechanisms underlying stress-induced anxiety disorders remain incompletely understood. This study aims to explore the neural mechanisms by which stress-induced imbalances in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) parvalbumin interneurons (PV-INs) and glutamatergic neurons lead to anxiety. This study used behavioral analysis, morphology, patch clamp electrophysiology, and viral interference techniques to detect the number of BLA PV-INs and glutamatergic neurons, as well as the excitability of glutamatergic neurons. Results demonstrated that acute and chronic stress adversely affect PV-INs in the BLA, diminishing their numbers and resulting in glutamatergic neurons disinhibition, thereby enhancing glutamatergic neurons excitability and precipitating anxiety behaviour. The anxiety disorder can be effectively improved by activating PV-INs. This study reveals the mechanism of internal amygdala PV-INs regulation leading to anxiety disorders under acute and chronic stress.

Assertive community treatment, a strongly evidence-based practice for delivering care to individuals with schizophrenia and low health care engagement, is applicable to disengaged, medically complex patients.

Children with Down Syndrome are more likely to experience sleep issues throughout their life compared to typically developing children. Sleep difficulties also affect caregivers, who are at increased risk of sleep disturbances, mood disturbances and poorer wellbeing. However, the impact of poor sleep in this cohort of children on their caregivers is not widely understood.

This study assessed the quality of life and mental health in 26 caregivers of children with Down Syndrome and sleep problems through two self-reporting questionnaires.

Results showed caregivers had significantly lower quality of life (QoL) and higher stress scores compared to population norms. A decrease in psychological and physical health scores was associated with higher odds of depression. Similarly, a reduced physical and social health increased the odds of experiencing stress by 50%.

These findings suggest this cohort of families may benefit from increased psychosocial support when addressing sleep problems.