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Background It is crucial to identify the high-risk factors associated with the recurrence and metastasis of endometrial cancer (EC) in order to implement more precise clinical stratification and management strategies for EC patients. Methods A total of 336 patients with stage I-III EC were retrospectively analyzed. According to the recurrence site, they were divided into locoregional recurrence (LR) and poor-prognosis recurrence (PPR). The factors that may affect the prognosis of EC were analyzed and the subgroups were analyzed. Results Among the no recurrence (NR), LR and PPR groups, 5-year OS were 89.4%, 60.2% and 46.8%, 5-year RFS were 100%, 15.4% and 6.4%. The FIGO stage, molecular classification, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and smoking history were independent risk factors affecting 5-year OS and 5-year RFS in EC patients (p < 0.05). Pathological type and progesterone receptor (PR) were independent risk factors affecting 5-year OS (p < 0.05). Histologic Grade and adjuvant therapy were independent risk factors affecting 5-year RFS (p < 0.05). Myometrial invasion, LVSI and FIGO stage were independent risk factors in the LR subgroup (p < 0.05), FIGO stage, ER and PR were independent risk in the PPR subgroup (p < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with myometrial invasion ≥ 1/2 and substantial LVSI may be more likely to have LR, while patients with positive ER and PR are more likely to have PPR. We need to pay attention to these factors to help us judge the prognosis of EC patients.